cell wall
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
cell membrane
The outside boundary of a cell that controls which substances can enter or leave a cell
nucleus
The cell's control center, it directs all cell activities
nuclear membrane
It covers, protects and filters the nucleus
chromatin
A material in cells that contains DNA and carries genetic information
nucleolus
A small object within the nucleus that helps to make ribosomes
cytoplasm
The bulk of the cell that contains all the organelles
organelle
The tiny parts within a cell that carry out specific functions within the cell
mitochondria
They produce most of the energy cell needs to carry out its function
endoplasmic reticulum
They carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another
ribosomes
Tiny grainlike structures used to make proteins
golgi bodies
They receive proteins and other newlly formed materials from the ER, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell
vacuoles
They store food, water, and waste materials in cells
lysosomes
They contain chemicals that break down large food particles and old cell parts
chloroplasts
They capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell