Clinical Psychology
studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
Depressive Realism
the tendency mildly depressed people to make accurate rather than self serving judgments, attributions, and predictions
Explanatory Style
One's habitual way of explaining life events. A negative, pessimistic, depressive explanatory style attributes failure to stable, global, and internal causes.
Behavioral Medicine
an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease
Health Psychology
Provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine by studying the psychology roots of health and illness
Behavioral Therapy
1) Reinforcement
2) Punishment (ex: spanking)
3) Actions produce mood change
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Beck)
Behavioral-Thoughts-Emotion
Positive Psychology (Selligemen)
1) Optimism
2)Thankfulness/ Gratefulness
ex: Write down 3 positive things that happened because of your actions.
Feminist Psychology
1) Empowering
2) Increase hope & ability to change
3) Changing patterns of behavior
Misinformation Effect
Incorporating "misinformation" into one's memory of the event after receiving misleading information about it.
Reducing Error in Witness Testimony
1) Train Police Interviewers
2) Minimize False Lineup Identification
3) Educate Jurors
Other factors influencing Juror Judgements
-The Defendant's characteristics
: physical attractiveness
: similarity to the jurors
: the judge's instructions
Reactance
A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom. Reactance arises when someone threatens our freedom of action.
Influences on the Individual Juror
- Juror Comprehension
- Jury Selection
- "Death-Qualified" Jurors
Group influences affect Juries
- Minority Influence
- Group Polarization
- Leniency
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Enabling Sustainable Lifestyles
* Increasing Efficiency and Productivity
* Reducing Consumption
Adaptation-Level Phenomenon
The tendency to adapt to a given level of stimulation and thus to notice and react to changes from that level
Upward Social Comparison
Comparing with others who are better, or better off, may trigger feelings of relative depression
Downward Social Comparison
Comparing with others who are worse, or worse off, may trigger improved feelings about oneself.