What is the definition of logic?
Logic is the science of right thinking
Who is called the "father is logic"?
Aristotle
Who laid the groundwork for modern symbolic logic?
Chrysippus
Give the name of one philosopher who made advances in symbolic logic?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Who pioneered the theories about induction that we study?
John Stuart Mill
Give the names of three people whose names are associated with the modern kinds of mathematical logic.
Gottlob Frege, Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russel
Give the names of the two main branches of logic.
One is called formal or "minor", the other material or "major" logic
The purpose of formal logic is to discover truth?
false
Is it necessary to have logic in order to discover truth?
false
Logic leads us from one truth to another
true
A statement can be true or false
true
A statement can be valid or invalid
false
An argument can be true or false
false
An argument can be valid or invalid
true
Truth is only of secondary consideration in formal logic
true
Define 'truth'
Truth is correspondence to reality
What does it mean to say an argument is valid
When its conclusion follows logically form its premises
define 'soundness'
The term soundness is used to indicate that all the premises in argument are true and that the argument is valid
An argument can contain true premises can be invalid
true
An argument can be sound and contain false premises
false
A sound argument must be valid
true
A valid argument must be sound
false
An argument with true premises can be unsound
true
An argument can contain only premise
false
Name three types of logical processes (or acts of the mind) involved in logic
simple apprehension, judgement, and deductive inference
What is the mental act involved in the first of the three kinds of logical processes?
simple apprehension
What is the verbal expression connected to this mental act?
term
What occurs in our minds when we have a simple apprehension?
We form in our minds a concept of something
What is the mental act involved in the second of the three kinds of logical processes?
Judgement
What occurs in our minds when we perform a judgement?
affirmation and denial