Logic

What is the definition of logic?

Logic is the science of right thinking

Who is called the "father is logic"?

Aristotle

Who laid the groundwork for modern symbolic logic?

Chrysippus

Give the name of one philosopher who made advances in symbolic logic?

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

Who pioneered the theories about induction that we study?

John Stuart Mill

Give the names of three people whose names are associated with the modern kinds of mathematical logic.

Gottlob Frege, Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russel

Give the names of the two main branches of logic.

One is called formal or "minor", the other material or "major" logic

The purpose of formal logic is to discover truth?

false

Is it necessary to have logic in order to discover truth?

false

Logic leads us from one truth to another

true

A statement can be true or false

true

A statement can be valid or invalid

false

An argument can be true or false

false

An argument can be valid or invalid

true

Truth is only of secondary consideration in formal logic

true

Define 'truth'

Truth is correspondence to reality

What does it mean to say an argument is valid

When its conclusion follows logically form its premises

define 'soundness'

The term soundness is used to indicate that all the premises in argument are true and that the argument is valid

An argument can contain true premises can be invalid

true

An argument can be sound and contain false premises

false

A sound argument must be valid

true

A valid argument must be sound

false

An argument with true premises can be unsound

true

An argument can contain only premise

false

Name three types of logical processes (or acts of the mind) involved in logic

simple apprehension, judgement, and deductive inference

What is the mental act involved in the first of the three kinds of logical processes?

simple apprehension

What is the verbal expression connected to this mental act?

term

What occurs in our minds when we have a simple apprehension?

We form in our minds a concept of something

What is the mental act involved in the second of the three kinds of logical processes?

Judgement

What occurs in our minds when we perform a judgement?

affirmation and denial