Population
a localized group organisms that belong to the same species is called an
All the organisms on your campus make up
community
which of the following statements is true regarding the complexity of biological systems
Knowing the function of a component of a living system can provide insights into the structure and organization of the living system.
Systems biology is mainly an attempt to
understand the behavior of entire biological systems
Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
taxonomy
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
near universality of the genetic code
which of the following is true of natural selection
It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success.
which of the following is not one of Darwin's observations?
a population avoids competition by producing only as many offspring's as can successfully reproduce on their own
The evolution of one species into two or more species as a result of different populations becoming reproductively isolated from each other is best termed as
adaptive radiation
Following a scientific method, which of the following is the correct order of steps?
observation-hypothesis-experiment-analysis-conclusion-communicate results
the best experimental design
includes a large sample size and a control, and alters only one condition between the controls and the experimental condition
a controlled experiment
includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment
A scientist, who wants to study the effects of nitrogen on wheat plants, sets up an experiment with 4 groups of wheat plants: group A gets 20 pounds per acre, group B gets 40 pounds per acre, group C gets 60 pounds per acre, and group D gets 0 pounds per acre. Which of the following is the control group?
group D
which of the following statements best distinguishes hypthese from series in science?
Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power.
which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?
if my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results.
which of the following statements is true regarding evolution
evolution is the process of change over time that has resulted in the array of organisms found on earth
which of the following is not a property associated with all living organisms?
disorder
What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex?
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
the use of DNA as the information storage molecule.
Cells are
characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Which of the following order is correct in terms of the hierarchy of the organization?
biosphere-ecosystem-community- population-organism
When your body temperature rises on a hot day, the neural and hormonal mechanisms activate sweating. Evaporation of sweat leads to cooling of the body surface. This is an example of ________.
negative feedback regulation
Competition is central to the theory of natural selection. Why does competition occur?
organisms typically reproduce too many offspring and resources are limited.
Plants convert
sunlight and chemical energy
Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments?
they must occur under carefully controlled condtions
In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for controlling variables in an experiment?
to eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment.
Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific experiment?
The first living cell on Earth came from outer space.
Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis?
A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation.
Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation?
the shape of the flask
In Pasteur's experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, why did he boil the broth in both flasks?
to kill any exsiting organisms in the broth
Suppose that Zonosemata flies whose own wings had been clipped and reattached were attacked more frequently than untreated Zonosemata flies. How would this result affect the reliability of the other experimental results?
All results for the experimental groups involving wing surgery would be invalid.
How does scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
Theories are usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon Hypotheses will typically address more specific issues
Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?
Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic.
what should you do next
Perform experiments to test your hypothesis.
Which of the following experiments would best test your hypothesis?a. Ask your friends if they also like the same type of music that you like.b. Interview all of your friends and find out if the ones born in other weeks also like the same types of movies that you like.c. Find other people born in the same week and ask them what their favorite type of movie is.d. Find other people born in the same week and tell them what your favorite movie is. Ask them if they also liked that movie.
Find other people born in the same week and ask them what their favorite type of movie is.
A controlled experiment is one that
tests experimental and control groups in parallel
Biosphere
Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere.
Ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Community
All the different populations that live together in an area
Population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
Organism
Any living thing
Organs
A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific functions.
organ system
group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
adaptations
Changes in physical structure, function, or behavior that allow an organism or species to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
Evolution
Change over time
structure
The arrangement of parts in an organism
Homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
Energy
the ability to do work
From broad to specific
Domain(eularya)-kingdom(anamilia)-phylum(chordata)-class(mammalia)-order(carnivora)-family(ursidae)-genus(ursus)-species