sulfa drugs
affect enzymatic actions in bacteria, used in early 20th century
antibiotics
diverse class of agents that either kill or interfere with growth of microorganisms (usually bacteria), supplanted sulfa drugs
antivirals
used to treat viral infections, typically inhibit cell entry and replication
antimicrobials
includes antibiotics (antibacterials), anti-fungals, antivirals, anti-parasites
resistance
some (or all) populations of a microorganism are able to function in the presence of a substance that normally would impair function
horizontal gene transfer
borrow" innovations from other bacteria (same or different species)
antibiotic resistance is just
evolution in action