Parascaris equorum- Common Name
Roundworm
of horses
Parascaris equorum- Definitive Host
Horse
Parascaris equorum- Life Cycle
Direct=> Eggs pass in feces=> second stage within egg => ingested by horse in food or water/licking=> eggs hatch release larvae to undergo tracheal migration=> penetrate intestinal wall=> migrate through portal vein to liver and lungs=> coughed and swallo
Parascaris equorum- Location in host
cranial portion of small intestine- duodenum
Parascaris equorum- Infective Stage
embryonated eggs
Parascaris equorum- Diagnostic Stage
eggs in feces/ adult worms in feces
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Common Name
Large Strongyles or Strongyles
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Definitive Host
Horses and Donkeys
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Prepatent Period
8-10 months
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Life Cycle
Eggs hatch 1-2 days=> L2 molts in one week=> L3 infects via ingestion during grazing => L3 in stomach and penetrates gut wall=> molts to L4=> L4 migrates for months until attaching to wall of cecum and large intestine
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Diagnostic Stage
Eggs in feces, contains 20 cells
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Infective Stage
L3 on vegetation
Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris- Location in Host
Cecum and large intestine- blood sucking
Small Strongyles- Definitive Host
Horse and Donkey
Small Strongyles- Life Cycle
eggs pass in feces=> hatch=> develop to third stage=> migrate up grass=> ingested by horse=> L3 infective in stomach and forms nodules=> enters cecum and colon=>develop and molt => return to lumen as L5
Small Strongyles- Infective Stage
L3 on vegetation
Small Strongyles- Prepatent Period
4 weeks - 4 months
Small Strongyles- Diagnostic Stage
Eggs in feces
Oxyuris Equi- Common Name
pinworm
Oxyuris Equi- Definitive Host
Horse and Donkey
Oxyuris Equi- Prepatent Period
4-5 months
Oxyuris Equi- Life Cycle
eggs from perianal region=> rubbed off=> direct host ingests=> small intestine=> cecum and feed on mucosa
Oxyuris Equi- Infective Stage
eggs containing larvae
Oxyuris Equi- Diagnostic Stage
Scotchtape test around anus
Strongyloides westeri- Common Name
Threadworm
Strongyloides westeri- Definitive Host
Horse and Donkey
Strongyloides westeri- Life Cycle
L3 enters host via penetration of skin=> larvae migrate through tissues=> include alveoli of lungs=> reach intestine by ascending trachea=> swallowed and travel to GI tract=> intestine the juveniles migrate to the mucosa where they develop to adults
Strongyloides westeri- Diagnostic Stage
Embryonated eggs and larvae
Strongyloides westeri- Infective Stage
L3 penetrate skin
Anoplocephala magna, A. perfoliata, Paranophocephala mammillana- Common Name
Tapeworm
Anoplocephala magna, A. perfoliata, Paranophocephala mammillana- Definitive Host
Horse and Donkey
Anoplocephala magna, A. perfoliata, Paranophocephala mammillana- Life Cycle
Indirect-
Embryonated eggs hatch in orbatid mites=> develop into cysticercoid when horses engest mites=>
Anoplocephala magna, A. perfoliata, Paranophocephala mammillana- Diagnostic Stage
embryonated eggs
Anoplocephala magna, A. perfoliata, Paranophocephala mammillana- Infective Stage
cysticercoids in infected folage, usually through the mite on grass
Equine Cestodes
Anoplocephala magna,
A. perfoliata,
Paranophocephala mammillana
Eimeria leukart- Definitive Host
Horse and Donkey
Eimeria leukart- Life Cycle
Direct
Eimeria leukart- Diagnostic Stage
oocyst in feces
very large for coccidia, brwn thick walled with openings on narrow end
Eimeria leukart- Diagnostic Test
Fecal Sedimentation or Fecal Flotation- sugar flotation solution required
Eimeria leukart- Infective Stage
sporulated oocyst
Protozoan of Horses and Donkeys
Eimeria leukart