Colonization
a system of settling new lands that remain under the government of their native land, Britain did this in America
American Revolution/ drafting D of I
happened at the end of the american revolution
Creation & Ratification of Constitution
the period when the founding fathers worked together to form a government
1607
Founding Of Jamestown
1620
Arrival of Pilgrims and signing of Mayflower Compact
1776
Adoption of Declaration of independence
1787
Writing of U.S Constitution
Mayflower Compact
1620- First self government in America
fundamental orders of Connecticut
First written constitution in America
Membership in each government
The legislative branch and the executive branches are elected officials, while the Judicial branch is appointed by the president and confirmed by congress.
Thomas Hooker
Father of american democracy", Founded Connecticut
Critical Period 1783-1789
1783-1789 an important period in us history because the nation was new and was under the Articles of confederation
Shay's Rebellion
..., A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes
Virginia Plan
Large State Plan" Wanted representation in gov't based on population
New Jersey Plan
Small State Plan" Wanted Equal representation in gov't as other states would
Big" States vs. "Small" States
was settled with "The Great Compromise", "Big" States got House Of Representatives "Small" States got Senate
Roger Sherman
American Revolutionary leader and signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution (1721-1793)
Ben Franklin
Benjamin Franklin American intellectual, inventor, and politician He helped to negotiate French support for the American Revolution.
George Washington
Commander of the Continental Army
James Madison
Father of the Constitution" carried the virginia plan for gov't to constitutional convention, author of federalist papers
Alexander Hamilton
leader of the federalists, author of federalists papers
House Of Representatives
a house of congress part of legislative branch that makes laws, states represented based on population
Senate
a house of congress part of legislative branch 6 year terms 2 per state
Philadelphia
nations capital before washington dc,where constitutional convention as held
Federalists
for the constitution, big gov't and no bill of rights
Anti-Federalists
against constitution and wanted bill of rights, against large gov't
National" Powers vs. "State" Powers
any power not specifically for the national gov't written in the constitution goes to the states
Bill Of Rights
first 10 amendments of the constitution stating our rights as citizens
Virginia House of Burgesses
First Representative government in America
Slavery, indentured servitude
no slavery or indentured servants in the northwest territory under northwest ordinance
Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin
part of northwest ordinance
Public Education
northwest ordinance encouraged and financially supported this in the northwest territory
Process to becoming a state
When a territory reaches 60,000 the people of the territory could write a constitution and ask to join the union
Limited Government
The law applies to everyone equally. Governments power is limited by the laws passed in accordance with the constitution. The government is not "all Powerful
Republicanism
People elect representatives who, in turn, make the laws
Checks and Balances
Each branch of Government can keep other branches from becoming too powerful (impeachment and veto)
Federalism
Power in government is shared between state and national governments. Different levels of government National, State, Local
Separation of powers
Power of government is separated into 3 branches:
Executive-Enforce the laws
Legislative-Makes the laws
Judicial-Interprets the laws
Popular Sovereignty
The people have the power to control the government with their vote
Individual Rights
Bill of Rights grants all citizens certain liberties and privileges-these have expanded over time
2/3, 2/3, 3, 4
it takes 2/3 of both houses of congress to propose an amendment or 2/3 of the states can call a national convention and to ratify an amendment 3/4 of the state legislatures must approve or 3/4 of the state conventions must approve
13th amendment
abolishes slavery (frees the slaves)
14th amendment
African americans can be citizens
15th amendment
African Americans (former slaves) can now vote
Charles de Montesquieu
French philosopher, wrote the "Spirit of Laws", separate power into the three branches of government, checks and balances...yea!
John Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
William Blackstone
English thinker that solidified the ideals of English common law, which later helped shape the Declaration of Independence and Constitution, explained the rights of man
William Penn
He is a Quaker
-founder of Pennsylvania
-free speech, freedom of religion, and participation in government
- fair treatment of native Americans
Land ownership over religious affiliation
conflicts between the two
elected representative government
the Legislative brand: congress: senate and house of representatives
weak central government vs. strong state government
this refers to the division of powers between the central government and the states such that the states do not have more power than the central government, and each have own areas to administer.