European Union of Federalists
Wanted Federal State
United Europe Movement
More Moderate
Council of Europe (1949)
Allowed for voluntary cooperation between sovereign national governments in the Committee of Ministers and between members of national parliaments in the Consultative Assembly
European Political Community
European Union of Federalists restructured to become this
Schuman Plan (1950)
Proposed the pooled production of steel and coal for France and Germany
Paris Treaty (1951)
Established the European Coal and Steel Community
Established the European Coal and Steel Community
Five main institutions that make up the present day framework come out of this community
Treaty of Rome (1957)
Sought to establish a customs unit, reduction on customs duties, and a common market
Sought common policy for agriculture, transport, competition, and employment
Britain does not participate
Treaty of Rome (1957)
Ruled that the Commission would only have basic powers and the Council would have to approve important decisions by majority voting
Empty Chair Crisis (1965)
Charles De Gaulle (opposer of supranationalism) does not support the increased role of the commission as an executive power. French ministers refuse to attend meetings at the council of ministers after opposition was made to the Common Agricultural policy
Luxembourg Compromise (1966)
Shifted power away from the commission and towards the Council of Ministers
Document confirmed the Commission's right to initiate policy, but allowed member states to veto Commission legislative proposals if their "vital" interests were at stake
Reduced S
Merger Treaty of Brussels (1967)
Merged the ECSC, Euratom, and EEC into a single constitutional structure known as the European Communities
Regarded by some as the real start of the modern EU
European Political Cooperation (1970)
Brought together foreign ministers of the EC
Marked the beginning of European foreign policy coordination
Schengen Agreement (1985)
Created the Schengen area, which operates much like a single state for international travel
Was separate from EU structures until its incorporation in the Treaty of Amsterdam
All EU member states except the UK and Ireland, plus 2 non-member states were in
Single European Act (1986)
First major revision to the Treaty of Rome
Committed the 12 member states of the EC to completing the Single European Market by January 1993 as well as establishing the EMU
Extended qualified majority voting in the Council of Ministers
Gave formal recogni
Economic and Monetary Union
An umbrella term referring to the group of policies aimed at converging the economies of members of the EU in 3 stages to allow them to adopt the Euro
Maastricht Treaty (1992)
Commitment to create the EMU by January 1999
Newly Named European Union was built on 3 pillars which included QMV extension, Co-decision procedure (which gave EP veto power), Provided for intergovernmental cooperation in the fields of foreign and security
Convergence Critera
Things that an EU member state must meet in order to enter Stage 3 of the European Monetary System and adopt the euro
Stability and Growth Pact (1997)
Agreement between the 27 member states of the EU to maintain the stability of the EU
Amsterdam Treaty (1997)
EP received increased power through co-decision and became an equal legislator with the Council of ministers
Commission President is appointed by the EP
European Central Bank is established with the objective of maintaining price stability within the Euro
Treaty of Nice (2001)
Created to resolve everything that was not solved through the Treaty of Amsterdam
Balanced the power issue
Commission was allowed one commissioner per member state
Maximum number of Members of Parliament was set at 732 (Favored larger states)
Proclaimed t
Laeken Declaration (2001)
Established Four broad areas for deliberation and inspired the move towards a Constitution for European citizens in addition to providing my transparency and democracy
The Convention on the Future of Europe (2001)
Meeting of lots of important people who met to create a draft of the constitution for the EU. There was no reached consensus
Treaty of Lisbon (2009)
The treaty that resolved many issues throughout Europe and is the most recent agreed upon agreement