In a healthy individual, what lung volume is the largest
inspiratory lung volume = 3100
which lung volume or capacity is defined as the amount of gas that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal tidal volume
expiration reserve volume (erv)
Which volume or capacity remains in the lungs after a forced exhalation?
residual volume (RV)
what is the term for the lung volume or capacity moved in and out during a resting breath
tidal volume (Vt)
what lung volume or capacity is defined as the amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration
vital capacity
which lung volume or capacity remains in the lungs after normal expiration
functional residual capacity (FRC)
which one of the lung capacities is the smallest
functional residual capacity (FRC)
Which lung volume or capacity is defined as the maximum volume of gas that can be inhaled after a normal tidal volume
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
which lung volume or capacity is the maximum amount of air that the lungs can accommodate
total lung capacity
in a healthy adult, what is the volume in the FRC
2400mL
which lung volumes or capacities would increase in an obstructive pulmonary disorder
functional residual capacity, total lung capacity, residual volume, tidal volume
which lung volumes or capacities would decrease in an obstructive disorder
inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, vital capacity, ic
what is the best indicator of an obstructive lung disorder
fev1/fvc ratio
name two restrictive lung disorders
pulm fibrosis, ARDs
what is being measured during a closed circuit helium dilution method
residual volume
in the closed circuit helium method, approximately how long will the patient breathe the helium mixture
7 mins
in the open circuit nitrogen washout method, what gas mixture does the patient breathe for the test
100% O2
what gas or gas mixture does a patient breathe when the body plethysmography method is used
none
which test/method is considered most accurate for measuring residual volume
body box
in which test would the patient be instructed to exhale as forcefully, rapidly, and completely as possible after taking in a maximal inspiration
forced vital capacity
in a healthy adult, what is the average time required to exhale during a forced vital capacity maneuver
less than 6 seconds
which test is the most commonly performed pulmonary function measurement
forced vital capacity
for the FEV1, what is the most commonly used time interval
FEV1
which pulmonary measurement reflects the status of the small to medium airways
forced expiratory volume (FEF) 25-75
which pulmonary measuring provides a reflection of the integrity of the large airway function
forced expiratory volume (FEF) 200-1200
which pulmonary measurement is most frequently used in the home setting
Peak expiratory flow rate (pefr)
what device is most commonly used to monitor airway function at home
peak flow meter
which pulmonary measurement indicates respiratory muscle strength, compliance of the thorax, airway resistance
max voluntary ventilation (MVV)
for what minimum duration is the MVV usually performed
12-15 seconds
what maneuver forms a flow volume loop followed by maximum inspiration
forced vital capacity (FVC)
how does the general shape of a flow volume loop in restrictive lung disease compare to a normal pattern
thin & elongated
what factors are included when creating predicted values for a PFT test
age, height, gender, pack years
at what age do pulmonary volumes and flow rates start to decrease
20
how much volume is exhaled at FEV2
94%
what does the DLco determine
diffusion of gasses
what is the normal DLco
25 ml/per minute/ mmHg
what are 5 main obstructive diseases
cystic fibrosisasthmaCOPDbronchiectasis bronchitis
what is the only obstructive disease that has a decreased DLco
emphysema
upon forced exhalation, the airway diameters decrease what is this known as
dynamic compression