Red Herring
make a more subtle appeal to emotion; proofs are irrelevant to the case
Appeal to Ignorance
claim that since a proposition cannot be disproved, it must be true
Irrelevant Goals or Functions
measure a plan or policy according to goals it wasn't intended to achieve
Irrelevant Thesis
make a case for the wrong point
Mob Appeal (ad populum)
making the audience want to be part of the crowd
Snob Appeal
making the audience want to feel "special
appeal to Illegitimate Authority (ad verecundiam)
attempts to shame the listener into agreement by citing an illegitimate authority
Chronological Snobbery
makes the audience want to be a part of an old tradition or of the latest thing
Fallacies of Relevance
distractions from the main point
Appeals to Emotions
attempts to sway opinion with emotion
Appeal to Fear (ad baculum)
making the audience afraid of the consequences of disagreeing
Appeal to Pity (ad misericordiam)
making the audience feel sorry for the speaker
Ad Fontem Arguments
focus attention on the source rather than the issue
Ad Hominem
avoid the issue by insulting the opponent
Tu Quoque
assume a rival's recommendation should be discounted; rival doesn't follow it himself
Genetic Fallacy
idea should be discounted simply because of its source
Straw Man Fallacy
attempt to disprove an opponent's position by presenting it in an unfair, inaccurate light