Accuracy
Degree of conformity of a measure to a standard value.
Bar Chart
Categorical data graph
Bayes' Theorem
The probability of an event occurring based upon other event probabilities
Data
Numbers or information describing some characteristic.
Data Variation
Measure of data scatter
Deviation
Amount of difference between a value and the mean.
Experiment
An activity with observable results.
Event
A subset of a sample space.
Frequency Distribution
Listing of data values along with their corresponding frequencies.
Frequency Polygons
Frequency distribution graph
Histogram
Frequency distribution graph
Mean
Arithmetic average
Mean Deviation
Measure of variation equal to the sum of the deviations of each value from the mean.
Median
Middle value of a set of values arranged in order of magnitude.
Mode
The value that occurs most frequently.
Normal Distribution
Bell-shaped probability distribution
Outcome
The result of an experiment.
Pie Chart
Categorical data graph %
Probability
The calculated likelihood that a given event will occur.
Process Control
To monitor and control a process so that the quality of the output/product improves.
Qualitative Data
Values that possess names or labels
Quantitative Data
Values that represent a measurable quantity
Quality Assurance
The use of quality control techniques associated with a process.
Reliability
The probability of satisfactory operation of the product in a given environment over a specified time interval.
Sample Space
A set of all possible outcomes or events in an experiment that cannot be further broken down.
Standard Deviation
The square root of the variance.
Statistics
The collection, evaluation, and interpretation of data
Statistical Process Control
SPC is a method of monitoring, controlling, and ideally improving a process through statistical analysis. Its four basic steps include measuring the process, eliminating variances in the process to make it consistent, monitoring the process, and improving the process to its best target value.
Tolerance
The difference between the maximum and minimum dimensions allowed within the design of a product.
Variance
The difference between samples.