mineral
a substance that forms in nature, is a solid, has a definite chemical makeup, and has a crystal structure
element
a substance that contains only one type of atom
crystal
a solid substance in which the atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three-dimentional pattern
streak
the color of the powder left behind when a mineral is scraped across a surface
luster
the way in which light reflects from a mineral's surface
cleavage
the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces
fracture
the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces
density
the amount of mass in a given volume of a substance
hardness
the resistance of a mineral or other material to being scratched
magma
molten rock beneath Earth's surface
lava
molten rock that has reached Earth's surface
ore
a rock that contains enough of a valuable mineral to be mined for a profit
forms in nature, is a solid, definite chemical makeup and crystal
What are the four characteristics of minerals
Diamond
What is the perfect crystal
Silicates
What is the most common group of minerals
Calcite
What is the second most common mineral group
30%
How many; common minerals make up the Earth's crust
Oxide
Name another mineral group besides calcite and silican
Chemical Makeup
How do scientists classify mineral into group on what basis
Metallic and nonmetallic
What are the two major types of luster
Bonds
Harder minerals have stronger?
Density Scale
What type of scale is used to describe a minerals hardness
Carbonate
What mineral group reacts with acid
fluorescence
What kind of property do some rare minerals have?
Mica and Talc
What minerals make up paint
Quartz and feldspar
what minerals make up glass
surface mining and deep mining
What are the two types of mining?
Water evaporates, organisms, rock cools, water separates and hot water
What are the five ways the minerals can form?