long bones
long and thin bones; found in arms, legs, hand, feet, fingers, and toes
flat bones
thin bones with parallel surfaces; found in the skull, sternum, ribs, and scapula
sutural bones
small irregular bones; found between the flat bones of the skull
irregular bones
complex shaped bones; spinal vertebrae, pelvic bones
short bones
small and thick bones; ankle and wrist bones
sesamoid bones
small and flat bones; develop inside tendons near joints of knees, hands and feet
process
bone marking: any projection or bump
ramus
bone marking: an extension of a bone making an angle with the rest of the structure
trochanter
bone marking: a large, rough projection
tuberosity
bone marking: a smaller, rough projection
tubercle
bone marking: a small, round projection
crest
bone marking: a prominent ridge
line
bone marking: a low ridge
spine
bone marking: a pointed or narrow process
head
bone marking: the expanded articular end of an epiphysis, separated from the shaft by a neck
neck
bone marking: a narrow connection between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
condyle
bone marking: a smooth, rounded articular process
trochlea
bone marking: a smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley
facet
bone marking: a small, articular surface
fossa
bone marking: a shallow depression
sulcus
bone marking: a narrow groove
foramen
bone marking: a rounded passageway for blood vessels or nerves
canal
bone marking: a duct or channel
axial skeleton
80 bones; composed of the skull and associated bones, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage
functions of the axial skeleton
support and protect organs in the body cavities; attaches to muscle of the head, neck and trunk, muscles used for respiration, and the appendicular skeleton
functions of the occipital bone
forms the posterior and inferior surfaces of the cranium
occipital bone
articulates with parietal bones, temporal bones, sphenoid, and first cervical vertebrae
markings of the occipital bone
external occipital protuberance, external occipital crest
foramina of the occipital bone
foramen magnum, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canalr