Cornea
the curved protective layer through which light rays are admitted and refracted
Sclera
maintains the shape of the eye and provides protection for inner parts; also referred to as the 'white' of the eye
Optic Nerve
nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain
Vitreous Humor
A thick, gelatinous fluid found in the posterior segment of the eye (between the lens and the retina). The vitreous humor is only produced during fetal development and helps maintain intraocular pressure (the pressure inside the eyeball)
Lens
biconvex transparent body situated behind the iris in the eye; focuses light on the retina
Ciliary body
ring of muscle behind the peripheral iris that secretes aqueous humor and alters the shape of the lens for near or far vision
Iris
a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye, regulates the amount of light that enters the eyeball
Pupillary dilator muscles
contract, enlarge pupil diameter
Pupillary constrictor muscles
constrict, reduce pupil diameter
Choroid
provides blood supply and absorbs scattered light
Tapetum lucidum
Iridescent layer found in nocturnal animals for maximizing vision under low intensity light
Retina
receives light and converts it into nerve impulses
Optic DIsc
the point where the optic nerve enters the retina
Superior Rectus Muscle
rotates the eye superiorly and medially
Medial Rectus muscle
rotates the eye medially
Lateral Rectus Muscle
rotates the eye laterally
Inferior Rectus Muscle
rotates the eye inferiorly and medially
Superior Oblique Muscle
rotates the eye inferiorly and laterally
Inferior Oblique Muscle
rotates the eye superiorly and laterally
Auricle
collects sound waves
External Auditory Meatus/Canal
directs sound waves to the tympanic membrane
Tympanic Membrane
vibrates upon reception of sound waves, transfers sound waves to the malleus
Auditory tube
equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane
Malleus
receives vibrations from tympanic membrane and transfers them to the incus
Incus
receive vibrations from malleus and transfers them to the stapes
Stapes
receives vibrations from incus and transfers them to the oval window
Oval Window
membrane at the entrance to the cochlea through which the ossicles transmit vibrations
Cochlea
the snail-shaped tube (in the inner ear coiled around the modiolus) where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses
Vestibule
middle part of the inner ear in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, contains the semicircular ducts, the utricle and the saccule
Semicircular canals
passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium
Round WIndow
located just below the oval window; equalizes pressure in the inner ear
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
senses of hearing and balance/equilibrium