Place-value Chart-
a chart that shows the value of the digits in a number.
Period-
each group of three digits on a place-value chart that are separated by a comma.
Place or Place Value-
the value given to a digit by its position in a number. (Ones place, tens place, etc.)
Value-
a number amount or the worth of an object. (The 3 in the number 13,295 is worth 3,000)
Standard Form-
the usual or common way to write a number using digits. (5,413)
Expanded Form-
a way of writing a number as the sum of the values of its digits. (1,263 = 1,000+200+60+3)
Equation-
a number sentence that contains an equal sign, showing that two expressions are equal.
Inequality-
two quantities that are not equal.
Decimal-
a number that has a digit in the tenths place, hundredths place, and beyond.
Decimal Point-
a period separating the ones and tenths in a decimal number. (0.8 or $3.77)
Equivalent Decimals-
decimals that have the same value. (0.3 = 0.30)
Whole Number-
the numbers 0,1,2,3,4, and so on.
Round-
To change the value of a number, based on a given place value, to one that is easier to work with.
Estimate-
A number close to an exact value. It indicates about how much. Ex. 47 + 22 could be 50 + 20
Compatible Numbers-
Numbers in a problem that are easy to work with mentally.
Compensation-
Adding a number to one addend and subtracting the same number from another addend to add mentally.
Associative Property-
The property that states that the way in which numbers are grouped dos not change the sum or product.
Commutative Property-
The property that states that the order in which numbers are added OR multiplied does not change the sum OR product.
Identity Property-
The property that states that the sum of any number and 0 equals the # and that the product of any number a 1 equals the #.
Distributive Property-
The property that states that in order to multiply a sum by a #, you can mult. each addend by the same # and add the products.
Variable-
A letter or symbol used to represent an unknown quantity.
Factor-
A number that is multiplied by another number.
Prime Number-
A whole number with exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
Composite Number-
A whole number that has more than two factors.
Prime Factorization-
A way of expressing a composite number as a product of its prime factors.
Factor Tree-
A diagram that shows the prime factorization of a composite number.
Powers-
A number obtained by raising a base to an exponent.
Base-
In a power, the number used as a factor. It's the larger, bottom number.
Exponent-
In a power, the number of times the base is used as a factor. It's the smaller, "floating" number.
Power of 10-
A number like 10, 100, 1,000, and so on. It is the result of using only 10 as a factor.
Squared-
A number raised to the second power.
Cubed-
A number raised to the third power.
Addition-
an operation on two or more addends that results in a sum.
Addend-
any number being added.
Sum-
the answer to an addition problem.
Subtraction-
an operation on two numbers that tells how many are left (difference). It is also used to compare two numbers.
Multiplication-
an operation on two numbers to find their product. It can be thought of as repeated addition.
Multiples-
the product of a number and any whole number. Counting by a number (ex.- 3,6,9,12,15,18, etc.)
Product-
the answer to a multiplication problem.
Division-
an operation on two numbers in which the first number is split into the same # of equal groups as the second #.
Dividend-
a number that is being divided.
Divisor-
the number by which the dividend is being divided.
Quotient-
the result, or answer, to a division problem.
Partial Quotients-
a method of dividing where you break the dividend into addends that are easy to divide.
Remainder-
that number that is left after one whole number is divided by another.
Fact Family-
a group of related facts using the same numbers.
Unknown-
a missing value in a number sentence or equation.