History 104

Banana Wars

trade dispute between the US and EU from 1898-1934; it ended with the withdrawal of troops from Haiti as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy

communist party of soviet union

Party founded in 1917 by hard-line conservative socialists (Bolsheviks). ended in 1981

congo free state

Nation set up under Belgian control; quickly became on of the largest scandals at the turn of the Century; the Belgian government would take over the free state and turn it into the Belgian Congo, curbing some of the worse offenses, such as forced labor.

decolonization

Process in which many African and Asian states won their independence from Western colonial rule, in most cases by negotiated settlement with gradual political reforms and a program of investment rather than through military confrontation.

Mustafa Kemal

Led the Turkish nationalist overthrow of the Ottoman sultan in 1922. He then became the president of the Republic of Turkey in 1923. To modernized Turkey, he separated Islamic laws from the nation's laws. He modeled the new legal system off of European law and also some U.S. law. Women had more right under his rule. They were allowed to vote and hold public office. Finally, Kemal's last reform was government-funded programs to industrialize Turkey and to bring about great economic growth. He died in 1938 known as Ataturk, "father of the Turks.

kokutai

core ideology of the Japanese state after the Meiji restoration that embodied concept of Japanese uniqueness with the supreme authority of the emperor (used in education systems to indoctrinate Japanese public).

mataram

Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670's allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java

Meiji restoration

The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism.

golda meir

Israeli politician; she was the prime minister of Israel during the Yom Kippur War and sought assistance and supplies from the United States.

neo colonialism

a process of acculturation or cultural imperialism through which forms of industrial, political and economic organization are often imposed on other cultures under the guise of getting aid in the form of technological and industrial "progress," but it can still lead to good things, like bringing needed infrastructure

proxy war

a war instigated by a major power that does not itself participate

unequal treaties

Is a term used in specific reference to a number of treaties imposed by Western powers, during the 19th and early 20th centuries on other countries but primarily on Japan and China

banana wars

us tried to secure banana markets by interventions in central and south america using troops to preserve the connection.

communist party of soviet union

only legal ruling political party in the soviet union and one of the largest communist organizations in the world. emerged from bolshevik faction of russian social democratic labour party under leadership of vladimir lenin. party led october revolution and overthrew the russian provisional government and established world's first socialist state.

congo free state

In this African colony, which was the personal property of King Leopold II of Belgium, abuses of the subjects, and especially forced labor projects, caused the deaths of millions by starvation, because the Africans couldn't grow their own crops.

decolonization

Decolonization is the movement of American/European colonies gaining independence. Some were peaceful struggles while others became violent.

mustafa kemal

led revolutionaries to overthrow the last Ottoman sultan and after became the president of Turkey

kokutai

national policybrings togetaher Shinto and neo confucsanism ethics in a bushido way, religious moral and political policy because ties sun goddess with filial piety and morality and political order

mataram

Ruled most of Java;paid tributes total by the dutch

meiji restoration

In 1868, a Japanese state-sposored industrialization and westernization effort that also involved the elimination of the Shogunate and power being handed over to the Japanese Emperor, who had previously existed as mere spiritual/symbolic figure.

golda meir

First female prime minister of Isreal

neo colonialism

Country that displays economic dependence on another country; a country that displays so much economic independence on another country, that it seems to be a colony of the independent country

proxy war

US and USSR fighting over ideologies in a third country.

unequal treaties

Treaties between China and the Western powers after the Opium War that vastly favored the Western powers.