St andrew
First apostle called. Brother of peter. Martyred in greece on and x-shaped cross
Cephas
Name given to simon. Means rock. Translated as peter.
St peter
Leader of the apostles. 1st pope. Vicar of christ. Bishop of rome. Originally named simon. Son of jonah
Vicar of christ
Christs representative on earth today is the pope. Serves as a figure of leadership for the church
Matthias
Chosen to replace judas after pentecost.
Gentiles
What the jewish community called any of those who were not jewish. Feared by the jews. Largelu pagan and practiced wicked ways.
St cornelius
First gentile to be baptized
Council of jerusalem
Local church council that decided that gentiles didn not have to follow Old Testament Jewish laws when they converted to christianity
St james the less
Apostle who was the bishop of jerusalem once the other apostles began their missionary journeys. Presided over the council of jerusalem
Great fire of rome
A fire in july of 64 ad that burned throughout the city of rome. Burned for 6 days. Nero blamed it on the christians
Circus maximus
Largest of romes circuses. Origin of the great fire of rome was near here. Close to neros palace. Site of great entertainment and sport
Emperor nero
1st to persecute the christians. Blamed the great fire of rome on the christians. Declared christianity illegal through the edict of nero
Edict of nero
Declaration in 64 ad that outlawed the practice of christianity throughout the roman empire. Formally began the age of christian persecution throughout rome.
Vox populi
Voice of the people
Atheists
What were the christians seen as to the romans?
Peter
Hurried out of rome on the via appia. Encountered christ in a vision. Requested to be crucified upside down because he felt unworthy to be crucified the exact way as christ.
Neros circus
Where was peter crucified?
Vatical hill
Where was peter buried?
Circus of nero
Arena where nero held games, contests, races, dramas, and other forms of entertainment including public executions of traitors and christians
Vatican hill
1 of the 7 hills of the city of rome. Where st peter is buried.
St stephen
1st christian martyr. Stoned to death for professing his faith in christ before the jewish priests and elders
Saul of tarsus
St pauls hebrew name. One of the greatest pharisees and OT scholars of his time. He was present at and condoned the martyrdom of st stephen. Held the coat of the executioners
Protomartyr
First martyr.
St paul
Born in tarsus. Originally went by hebrew name, saul. Studied under gamaliel in jerusalem. Roman citizen by birth. Obsessed in his desire to persecute the christians. Stuck blind for 3 days.
Gamaliel
Greatest of the jewish scholars. Taught st paul the OT
The Way
Earliest name for the christian church. Means "The Way of Jesus
Road to Damascus
Modern day capital of syria. Saul met the risen lord here.
Mystical body of christ
Every member of the church, united with christ. Synonomous with the word church
Ananias
Man chosen by god to baptize saul and bring him to the church. Healed saul of his blindness through christ.
3
How many journeys did paul have?
Luke and barnabas
2 people paul traveled with
Luke
Companion of st paul. Author of gospel of ____ and the acts of the apostles.
Barnabas
Disciple and missionary companion of st paul. One of the early christians present at the council of jerusalem
Apostle to the gentiles
St pauls special title given to him by christ signifying his mission in the church
Gospel
Good news
Baptism
Sacrament that makes us members of the church. Through this, all people are able to enter into a profound and loving relationship with god
Council of jerusalem
Covened by the christian community to put to rest the controversial debate on what to do with the gentiles in terms of their initiation into the christian faith. St james the less called this
St james the less
Who called the council of jerusalem?
Apologists
Someone who defends the faith through their teachings and writings.
Apostolic fathers
Men who were tsught by the apostles who in turn taught the next gen of christians
Clement
Roman by birth and a convert from Judaism. Former slave who became the 4th pope. He was converted by st paul. Taken captive by the emperor and put to death in 100ad
Presbyter
Word used in the NT and early church meaning "priest
Episcopate
Office of the bishop
Gnosticism
Denied that christ had a human nature at all
Baptistries
Baptismal rooms
Basilica
Architectural structure that utilizes long rows of columns.
Basilica of san clemente
Basilica built at teh site believed to be the location that st clement worshipped in rome as the 4th pope and bishop of rome
St ignatius
Apostolic father whow as taught by st peter adn st john. He was the bishop of antioch and was martyred in rome by being fed to the lions in the colosseum
Hierarchy of the church
System of leadership within the church designed to protect, preserve, and pass on the teachings of christ.
St polycarp
Bishop in turkey who was a companion of ignatius and irenaeus. Student of apostle john. Defended orthodoxy. Was arrested and found guilty of being christian and sentenced to be burned alive but remained unharmed. Eventually killed with a sword
Orthodoxy
Correct understanding of jesus' teachings and sacred tradition
Justin
Converted at age of 30. Blended theology with philosophy. 1 of the first to show the balance of faith and reason in the church's teachings. Beheaded
St perpetua
noblewoman of considerable wealth, privilege, high education. Captured and sentenced to death
St felicity
Household servant of perpetuas family. Pregnant at the time of being captured.
Catechumenate
Process in learning the faith in preperation for baptism.
St lawrence
Deacon in rome who was asked to turn over the treasures of the church and responded by bringing the official the poor of the church. Roasted alive as a consequence
St agnes
1st century martyr who in her early years, committed herself to a life of virginity consecrated to jesus christ. Sent to work in a brothel but remained pure. Eventually put to death by the sword.
Heresy
False teaching on christianity, the church, the trinity, or any other teaching of the church revealed by god
Heretics
Someone who teaches a heresy
Gnosticism
Comes from word gnosis that means wisdom. Ancient pagan philosophy/religion that said jesus didnt have a human body or nature and was of pure spirit
St iranaeus
Bishop in the city of lyon. Father of the church. Fought gnosticism. Apologist. Wrote adversus haereses
Four canonical gospels
Gospels of matthew, mark, luke, and john.
Apologetics
A theology that explains and defends the teachings of the catholic church
Adversus haereses
Against heresies. Work by iranaeus