LAN Switches can be divided into groups of ports called
VLANS
Benefits of VLANS
Security, Cost Reduction, Better Performance, Shrink broadcast domains, improved IT staff efficiency, Simpler project and application management
used to remotely access and configure a switch
management VLAN
used to separate a network into groups of users or devices.
data VLANs
are the links between switches that support the transmission of traffic associated with more than one VLAN.
trunk ports
A_____VLAN is assigned to an 802.1Q trunk port.
native
A switch receives a frame on a trunk port, but the frame is tagged with the same VLAN ID as the native VLAN of the trunk link. What happens to that frame?
The frame is dropped. Traffic on a trunk port is not supposed to be tagged for the native VLAN. The switch will recognize this traffic and will drop it.
What security issue is of concern regarding the VLAN configuration of the switches?
The native VLAN has not been changed from the default setting.
As a best practice, the native VLAN should be something other than VLAN 1. It should be isolated with no other user traffic.
Use the command show interface interface-id switchport will display
Which two statements accurately describe DTP
-DTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol.
-DTP supports IEEE 802.1Q.
Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) manages trunk negotiation, and IEEE 802.1Q is the industry standard for trunking. DTP is found on Cisco devices. DTP can be disabled on a port by using the sw
What is one way to prevent the VLAN hopping attack?
Turn trunking off on all ports that are used to connect to hosts and disable DTP negotiation on all trunking ports to prevent the VLAN hopping attack. This type of attack can be attempted through switch spoofing or double tagging.
In which location are the normal range VLANs stored on a Cisco switch by default?
flash memory
Normal range VLANs are stored in a file called vlan.dat and located in the flash memory.
Refer to the exhibit. All workstations are configured correctly in VLAN 20. Workstations that are connected to switch SW1 are not able to send traffic to workstations on SW2. What could be done to remedy the problem?
Allow VLAN 20 on the trunk link.
Enabling DTP on both switches simply allows negotiation of trunking. The "Negotiation of Trunking" line in the graphic shows that DTP is already enabled. The graphic also shows how the native VLAN is 1, and the default VLA
What is the purpose of the switch command switchport access vlan 99?
to assign the port to a particular VLAN
If an organization is changing to include Cisco IP phones in its network, what design feature must be considered to ensure voice quality?
A separate VLAN is needed for voice traffic.
A PC commonly connects to an IP phone and the IP phone, in turn, connects to a switch. The phone does not require a separate port. Because voice traffic cannot tolerate much packet delay, it needs to be in a se
Which distinct type of VLAN is used by an administrator to access and configure a switch?
management VLAN
A management VLAN is used to remotely access and configure a switch. Data VLANs are used to separate a network into groups of users or devices. The default VLAN is the initial VLAN all switch ports are placed in when loading the default co
Which step should be performed first when deleting a VLAN that has member switch ports?
Reassign all VLAN member ports to a different VLAN.
Before deleting an active VLAN, it is recommended that all ports currently assigned as a member of that VLAN be reassigned. Any port that is a member of a VLAN that is deleted will become unusable.
prohibits VLAN 10 on the trunk interface
switch(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 10
activates the current interface as trunk
switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
assigns VLAN 10 for untagged traffic
switch(config-if)#switchport trunk native vlan 10
Which two statements describe the benefits of VLANs?
VLANs improve network security by isolating users that have access to sensitive data and applications.
VLANs divide a network into smaller logical networks, resulting in lower susceptibility to broadcast storms.
Refer to the exhibit. What protocol should be configured on SW-A FastEthernet 0/1 if it is to send traffic from multiple VLANs to switch SW-B?
IEEE 802.1Q
An administrator is investigating a failure on a trunk link between a Cisco switch and a switch from another vendor. After a few show commands, the administrator notices that the the switches are not negotiating a trunk. What is a probable cause for this
Switches from other vendors do not support DTP.
DTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol. Non-Cisco switches do not support DTP.
For what reason would a network administrator use the show interfaces trunk command on a switch?
to view the native VLAN
The show interfaces trunk command displays the ports that are trunk ports, the trunking mode, the encapsulation type, the trunk status, the native VLAN, and the allowed VLANs on the link.
_______is the industry standard for trunking.
IEEE 802.1Q
DTP can be disabled on a port by using the _________ command
switchport nonegotiate
initial VLAN all switch ports are placed in when loading the default configuration on a switch
default vlans
places untagged traffic on the native VLAN.
802.1Q trunk port
____________switches do not support DTP.
Non-cisco
the only VLAN which is not tagged in a trunk, in other words, _____ VLAN frames are transmitted unchanged. Per default the _____ VLAN is VLAN 1 but you can change that:
Native VLAN
A new junior network intern connects a laptop to an access layer switch in the wiring closet. After configuring a terminal emulation program, the intern presses the Enter key, and the S1_ATC_E2> prompt appears. What could have been done to better protect
Create a console password.
Configuring the console line with a password requires the password to be entered before the switch prompt can be accessed. A banner is only a warning message. The enable secret command encrypts the enable password. The service p
What address and prefix length is used when configuring an IPv6 default static route?
::/0
The IPv6 address and prefix for a default static route is ::/0. This represents all zeros in the address and a prefix length of zero.
When a router learns that multiple paths are available to a destination network from the same routing protocol, which factor is considered by a router to choose the best path to forward a packet?
the lowest metric
When a router learns that multiple paths are available to a destination network from the same routing protocol, the route with the lowest metric is put into the routing table to forward packets toward that network.
Which packet-forwarding method does a router use to make switching decisions when it is using a forwarding information base and an adjacency table?
Cisco Express Forwarding
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) is the fastest and preferred switching method. It uses a FIB and an adjacency table to perform the task of packet switching. These data structures change with the topology.
Which three statements describe features of Cisco devices that perform routing? (Choose three.)
The IP address of a LAN interface on a Layer 3 device provides the default gateway for hosts connected to that LAN.
A routing table is automatically created for directly connected, active LAN and WAN interfaces.
Routing tables are volatile. When power is
Refer to the exhibit. What is the purpose of the router port that is shown?
to configure the router
The exhibited port is a USB port that is found on some Cisco router models. This USB port provides console access to the router, which allows access to the CLI for configuration purposes. The pale blue background behind the icon is
Which two statements correctly describe the components of a router?
ROM contains diagnostics executed on hardware modules.
Flash memory does not lose its contents during a reboot.
Why are routers needed in networking?
to forward network traffic to remote networks
One of the basic functions of a router is to connect different networks. Each interface on a router belongs to a different network. LAN devices can be connected through switches. Packet delivery, packet delive
During the process of encapsulation, how does the PC determine if the packet is destined for a host on a remote network?
by performing the AND operation on the destination IP address and its own subnet mask
When a PC needs to encapsulate a frame to send a data packet, it first performs an AND operation with its own IP and subnet mask, which yields the network address. Then
The output of the show ip route command contains the following entry:
S 10.2.0.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2.
What value is indicated by the 1 in the [1/0] portion of the output?
administrative distance
In the routing table entry, S 10.2.0.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2, the numbers inside the bracket indicate the administrative distance and metric respectively.
What is a gateway of last resort?
the IP address of another router
Even though a gateway of last resort could be an IP address of an ISP router, this does not have to be the case. A gateway of last resort, as seen in a Cisco routing table, is simply the IP address that is used to route pa
What is the purpose of a routing protocol?
It allows a router to share information about known networks with other routers.
What code is used in the routing table to identify routes learned through EIGRP?
D
Each route in a routing table has a code that identifies how the route was learned by the router. The code letter D is used to identify routes that are learned through EIGRP.
Which two statements describe characteristics of load balancing?
Load balancing allows a router to forward packets over multiple paths to the same destination network.
Unequal cost load balancing is supported by EIGRP.
Which two statements describe static routes?
They require manual reconfiguration to accommodate network changes.
They are identified in the routing table with the prefix S.
A PC is to access a web server on another network. Which inter-VLAN method will provide the highest bandwidth at Layer 3 and also provide a default gateway for the PC?
multilayer switch with routing enabled
A router-on-a-stick design is the same as having a trunked interface between the router and the switch. This design works, but does not scale well because all VLANs must traverse the one connection between the router
Which option should be used after the sdm prefer configuration command to enable static routing on Cisco Catalyst 2960 switches?
Switch(config)# sdm prefer lanbase-routing
The Cisco Switch Database Manager (SDM) provides multiple templates for the 2960 switch. The SDM lanbase-routing template can be enabled to allow the switch to route between VLANs and to support static routing. T
A network administrator has configured router CiscoVille with the above commands to provide inter-VLAN routing. What type of port will be required on a switch that is connected to Gi0/0 on router CiscoVille to allow inter-VLAN routing?
trunk port
To allow a router-on-a-stick configuration to function, a switch must be connected to the router via a trunk port to carry the VLANs to be routed. An SVI would be used on a multilayer switch where the switch is performing inter-VLAN routing.
Which scalable method must be implemented in order to provide inter-VLAN routing on a switched network with more than 1000 VLANs?
routing traffic internally to a Layer 3 switch device
Layer 2 switches are able to perform static routing, but this method is inefficient with a large number of VLANs. Multilayer switching is more scalable than any other inter-VLAN routing implementation,
A network administrator enters the following command sequence on a Cisco 3560 switch. What is the purpose of these commands?
Switch(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)# no switchport
to make the Gi0/1 port a routed port
By default, the physical ports on a 3560 switch are Layer 2 interfaces. To make them routed ports, the interface command no switchport should be used. The other options do not describe the purpose of this command.
Refer to the exhibit. What is the cause of the error that is displayed in the configuration of inter-VLAN routing on router CiscoVille?
The encapsulation dot1Q 20 command has not been configured
The steps to configure inter-VLAN routing must be completed in a specific order. Before configuring an IP address on a subinterface, the encapsulation dot1q VLAN_id command must be specified first
Inter-VLAN communication between VLAN 10, VLAN 20, and VLAN 30 is not successful. What is the problem??
The FastEthernet0/2, FastEthernet0/3, and FastEthernet0/4 access interfaces are configured as trunk
by the switchport mode trunk command. They should be configured as access interfaces. The administrator must issue the switchport mode access command.
What is the meaning of the number 10 in the encapsulation dot1Q 10 native router subinterface command??
The VLANID
The administrator can use the encapsulation command to specify the encapsulation type (IEEE 802.1Q or ISL), the VLAN ID, and optionally the native VLAN.
The ___________
parameter can be added to the show interfaces interface_id command to display the administrative and operational switch interface mode.?
Answer 1:
switchport
The output of the show interface 0/1 switchport command displays the administrative and operational mode as shown below:
Switch0# show interfaces FastEthernet 0/1 switchport
Name: Fa0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: trunk
Operational
Which implementation of inter-VLAN routing does this topology use?
router on a stick
With router on a stick, subinterfaces are used on one physical router interface. One subinterface per VLAN is used in this design. When multiple interfaces are used on a router, each physical interface such as Gi0/0 and Gi0/1 is assigned
What type of static route is created when the next-hop IP address and exit interface are specified?
fully specified static route
A fully specified static route has the next-hop IP address and exit interface specified. A recursive static route has only the next-hop IP address specified. A directly attached static route has only the router exit interface
What are two reasons why an administrator might choose to use static routing rather than dynamic routing? (Choose two.)
Static routing is more secure.
Static routing uses less router processing and memory.
Because static routes must be created and changed manually, they require a larger investment of administrative time and do not scale easily. Static routes do not require
A network administrator enters the following command into Router1: ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/1/0. Router1 then receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.0.22/24. After finding the recently configured static route in the routing table, wha
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What command, or set of commands, would be used to determine if the following configuration on router HQ works as designed?
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What is a supernet?
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On R1, the command to configure a static route to network 172.16.2.0 by specifying the next-hop IP address is ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 _____________
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Which set of commands will configure static routes that will allow the Park and the Alta routers to a) forward packets to each LAN and b) direct all other traffic to the Internet?
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Which command would create a valid IPv6 default route?
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A
___________
static route can be used to provide a backup route to a dynamically learned route.
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Which static route statement shows a recursive IPv6 static route?
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A __________network is a network that is accessed by a single route.
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Which is a valid summary route for networks 192.168.8.0/22, 192.168.12.0/22, and 192.168.16.0/22?
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Why would a summarized static route be configured on a router?
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