Excessively high engine temperatures, either in the air or on the ground, will
cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage.
If the engine oil temperature and cylinder head temperature gauges have exceeded their normal operating range, the pilot may have been operating with
too much power and with the mixture set too lean.
Which would most likely cause the cylinder head temperature and engine oil temperature gauges to exceed their normal operating ranges?
Using fuel that has a lower-than specified fuel rating.
For internal cooling reciprocating aircraft engines are especially dependent on
the circulation of lubricating oil.
An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused by
the oil level being too low.
What action can a pilot take to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating during a climb?
Reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed.
What procedures can aid in cooling an engine that is overheating?
Enrichen the mixture, open the cowl flaps, increase airspeed, or reduce power.
VS0
Stall speed or minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration (the lower limit of the white arc).
VFE
Maximum flap extended speed (the upper limit of the white arc). The entire white arc defines the flap operating range.
VS1
The stall speed or minimum steady flight speed in a specified configuration (the lower limit of the green arc). The entire green arc defines the normal operating range.
VNO
The maximum structural cruising speed (the upper limit of the green arc and lower limit of the yellow arc). The yellow arc defines the caution range, which should be avoided unless in smooth air.
VNE
Never exceed speed (the upper limit of the yellow arc) marked in red.
VLE
The maximum landing gear extended speed.
VA
The design maneuvering speed. If rough air or sever turbulence is encountered, airspeed should be reduced to maneuvering speed or less to minimize stress on the airplane structure.
VY
Best rate-of-climb speed (the airspeed that will result in the most altitude in a given period of time).
VX
Best angle-of-climb speed (the airspeed that will result in the most altitude in a given distance).
Which V-speed represents maneuvering speed?
VA
What does the red line on an airspeed indicator represent?
Never-exceed speed.
Which color identifies the never-exceed speed?
The red radial line.
Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed in a specified configuration?
Lower limit of the green arc.
Which would provide the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest distance during climb after takeoff?
VX
After takeoff, which airspeed would the pilot use to gain the most altitude in a given period of time?
VY
What is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators?
Maneuvering speed.
Which V-speed represents maximum flap extended speed?
VFE
Which V-speed represents max landing gear extended speed?
VLE
VNO is defined as the
Maximum structural cruising speed.
VS0 is defined as the
stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration.