Election of 1800
Jefferson and Burr each received 73 votes in the Electoral College, so the House of Representatives had to decide the outcome. The House chose Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President.
Candidates Election 1800
Jefferson - Democratic-Republic- leader of party. Burr was the Democratic-Republican VP candidate. Adams - Federalist. Incumbent.
Who won?
Jefferson
Significance of Election of 1800
-First time a political party passes control onto another political party
-Politics is available to more common people, not just the elite.
-Triumph for slave-holding South
-Adams so distraught he leaves without participating in the inauguration
-Does not
Northwest Territory
Lands including present day Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin: established by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Marbury v Madison
This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review
John Marshall
1755-1835. U.S. Chief Supreme Court Justice. Oversaw over 1000 decisions, including Marbury v Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland.
Judicial Review
review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court
Louisiana Purchase
territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million
Lewis and Clark
Sent on an expedition by Jefferson to gather information on the United States' new land and map a route to the Pacific. They kept very careful maps and records of this new land acquired from the Louisiana Purchase.
James Madison
4th President of the United States
War of 1812
a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France
What was the causes of the War of 1812?
Giving the Indians guns and supporting them and the English impressing our sailors, and taking our ships
Impressment
British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service
Battle of New Orleans
Jackson led a battle that occurred when British troops attacked U.S. soldiers in New Orleans on January 8, 1815; the War of 1812 had officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent in December, 1814, but word had not yet reached the U.S.
Battle of Thames
William Henry Harrison pushed up the river Thames into Upper Canada and on October 4, 1813, won a victory notable for the death of Tecumseh, who was serving as a brigadier general in the British army. This battle resulted in no lasting occupation of Canad
Andrew Jackson
The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal
James Monroe
He was the fifth President of the United States. He is the author of the Monroe Doctrine. Proclaimed that the Americas should be closed to future European colonization and free from European interference in sovereign countries' affairs. It further stated
Monroe Doctrine
an American foreign policy opposing interference in the Western hemisphere from outside powers
Regional Differences
Before the Civil War the north had developed into a diverse industrial economy, while the south remained mostly agricultural. This created differences socially and economically
Early Industry in North
Factories and shipping.
South Agriculture
Slave plantations.
Cotton Gin
a machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers
Nationalism
love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
Sectionalism
loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole
Henry Clay
United States politician responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states (1777-1852)
American System
an economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building. This approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America indus
John C. Calhoun
South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification
Missouri Compromise
an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories
John Quincy Adams
Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' wo
Jacksonian Democracy
A policy of spreading more political power to more people. It was a "Common Man" theme.
Jackson's policies?
created "kitchen cabinet"(unofficial board of advisors).
Supported Westerners, Expansion, Lower and Middle class
Bank War
Jackson believed the Bank of US had too much power and was too rich. Vetoed the 2nd Bank charter and withdrew gov't money from the US Banks and put it into "pet banks
Panic of 1837
Economic downturn caused by loose lending practices of stat banks' and overspeculation. Martin Van Buren spent most of his time in office attempting to stablize and lessen the economic situation
William Henry Harrison
military hero from War of 1812; elected president 1840, died of pneumonia a month later, gave presidency to Tyler
Manifest Destiny
a policy of imperialism rationalized as inevitable (as if granted by God)
Santa Fe Trail
an important trade route going between Independence, Missouri and Santa fe, New mexico used from about 1821 to 1880
Oregon Trail
pioneer trail that began in missouri and crossed the great plains into the oregon country
Mormon Migration
The Mormons were persecuted and so, they migrated west along the Oregon Trail. Led by Brigham Young, the Mormons moved to the western states such as Nebraska, Wyoming, across the Rockies, and to the SW. HS: Played a mjor role in development of the West. T
How did Texas gain independence?
Sam Houston forced Santa Ana to give all rights to Texas as an independent country after their victory at the Battle of San Jactino
Stephen F. Austin
known as the Father of Texas, led the second and ultimately successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States.
Texas Revolution
War between Texas settlers and Mexico from 1835-1836 resulting in the formation of the Republic of Texas
The Alamo
Santa Anna's army succeeded in late 1836. His force of 4000 men laid siege to San Antonio, whose 200 Texan defenders retreated into an abandoned mission, the Alamo. After repeated attacks, the remaining 187 Texans including Davy Crockett were wiped out an
Sam Houston
United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)
James K. Polk
president in March 1845. wanted to settle oregon boundary dispute with britain. wanted to aquire California. wanted to incorperate Texas into union.
Republic of California
the nation proclaimed by American settlers in California when they declared their independence from Mexico in 1846
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo
1848 ends the Mexican American War. For $15 Million the US acquired Texas territory north of the Rio Grande, New Mexico, and California. US territory increased by 1/3 as a result of the treaty.
Market Revolution
economic changes where people buy and sell goods rather than make them themselves
Free Enterprise
an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices
Entrepreneurs
people who start and build a business
Samuel F. B. Morse
invented the telegraph
Lowell Textile Mills
19th-century mills for the manufacture of cloth, located in Lowell, Massachusetts, that mainly employed young women.
Strike
stop work in order to press demands
Immigration
migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)
National Trades' Union
founded in 1834 by delegates from six cities, and in 1836 printers and cordwainers (makers of high quality shoes and boots) set up their own national craft unions.
Commonwealth v Hunt
(1842) a landmark ruling of the MA Supreme Court establishing the legality of labor unions and the legality of union workers striking if an employer hired non-union workers.
Unitarians
a member of a religious group that emphasizes reason and faith in an individual; deny the idea of the Holy Trinity