Canine distemper disease
A respiratory disease transmitted via aerosol exposure. Signs are rash on chin, swollen and crusty lips and chin, anorexia, fever, discharge, hyper keratosis on foot pads, vomiting, diarrhea, coughing
Collapsing trachea
When tracheal rings collapse during respiration. Signs include goose honk cough, heart disease. Dog, small obese breeds.
Left laryngeal hemiplegia
Affects left side of larynx making it unable to retract properly during increased respiratory effort. Seen in horses. Signs are poor performance, breathing noise during exercise, worsening noise
COPD "heaves
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Seen in horses. Allergies from dry and dusty environments. Signs are breathing difficulties, heave line, wheezing, cough.
Pleural effusions
More common in cats than dogs. Build up of fluid in tissue between lungs and chest. Associated with congestive heart failure and neoplasia. Types of pleural effusions: pyothorax (pus/infection), hemothorax (blood), and pneumothorax (air).
Antibody
An immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes in response to presence of bacteria or virus.
Antigen
A substance usually a protein that stimulates he production of an antibody specific to that protein
Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the heart muscle, any disease that affects the structure or function of the heart; enlargement of the heart
Effusion
Escape of body fluid into a body cavity
Heart failure
HCM: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is rare in dogs but common in cats. Involves thickening of cardiac muscle.
DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy most common in dogs of large breeds 4-10 years old. Involves dilation of all heart chambers that decreases cardiac outp
Thromboemolism
obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has become dislodged from another site in the circulation, of sequential to heart disease. most common in cats.
Flow of Blood Through Heart
4 types of failures in heart: pump, valve, electrical, structural.
Left sided heart failure means lack of blood/oxygen to body, backs up fluid to lungs. signs are coughing, lung congestion, weakness.
Right sided heart failure means blood is not being pump
Pulmonary Edema
excess fluid in the lungs
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Feline immunodeficiency virus FIV
The disease changes ability of lymphocytes to function normally. Risk is greater for male cats, outdoor, free roaming. The disease is divided into 3 stages: acute (3-6 months), sub clinical (months to years), chronic clinical (months to years). Symptoms s
Immune mediated thrombocytopenia IMHA
When platelets become coated in antibodies. Destruction may occur in spleen bone marrow or liver. More common in female dogs and those that are 5-6 years old. Signs are hemorrhage a in skin and mucosal surfaces
Inflammatory bowel disease IBD
Excessive number of inflammatory cells in mucosal samples from GI tract in dogs and cats. Disrupted mucus results in decreased sodium and water absorption. Signs are diarrhea, increased defecation, tenesmus, hematochezia, increased mucus and mild fever.
Hepatic lipidosis
Most common hepatopathy seen in cats. Affects adult obese cats of any age sex or breed. Signs include anorexia, obesity, weight loss, sporadic vomiting, icterus, hepatomegaly, bleeding.
Also known as feline fatty liver syndrome, is one of the most common
Colic
in horses: severe, often fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas or obstruction in the intestines and suffered especially by babies
Esophageal obstruction (choke)
The term choke in the horse refers to an esophageal obstruction, not an airway (tracheal) obstruction. complications with choke include aspiration pneumonia, scarring in the esophagus, and potential rupture of the esophagus. If not corrected, it will kill
Copper toxicity
most often seen in sheep. Copper ingestion that exceeds amount needed by animal. can occur when liver disease is present. excess copper can cause hemolysis. Signs are weakness, panting, pale muscous membranes, jaundice, dark or bloody urine, abortion, dea
Gastric dilation-volvulus (bloat)
In dogs, especially deep chested. signs are retching, restlessness, weakness, and collapse. Similar to Displaced Abomasum in Cattle.
Hypothyroid
most common in dogs. predisposed breeds are goldens, dobermans, irish setters, schnauzers, cocker spaniels, dachsunds. common in middle aged dogs. signs are weight gain, rat tail, cold intolerant, skin infections, reproduction problems.
Hyperthyroid
most common in cats (also horses). middle aged to older cats. signs are weight loss, polyphagia, vomiting, increased appetite, tachycardia, aggresion, enlarged thyroid, increased systolic blood pressure, blindness with retinal detachment.
Diabetes mellitus
the body needs glucose for energy, but with diabetes the body has it in excess. diabietes mellitus occurs when B-cells stop producing insulin needed to regulate glucose.
sign of nonketotic diabetes: dogs (4-14 years of age, more likely in females), cats (
Cushing's disease
effect rodents and horses. aka hyperadrenocorticism. signs include polydypsia, polyuria, polyphagia, alopecia, hyperpigmentation.
most common in horses: endocrine disease; older horses; disease is result of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the pars intermed
Acetaminophen toxicity
Overdosing on Tylenol, affects cats because they are NOT supposed to have Acetaminophen.
Red maple toxicity
Affects horses, ingesting wilted red maple leaves, if the leaves are not wilted it is OK if they eat them but highly recommended to remove red maple trees out/away from pasture to avoid eating them.
Gastroenteritis/colitis
Accumulation of the inflammatory cells within the lining of the small intestines, stomach or large bowel.
Also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract Affects cats
Gastric dilation and volvulus
A condition seen in dogs (mostly deep chested dogs) also known as twisted stomach or bloat. Not all dogs that experience stomach bloating end up with volvulus, which is torsion (twisting) of the stomach. A dog's stomach can fill up with gas and air and st
Pregnancy toxemia
A metabolic disorder caused by low glucose concentrations in the blood and excessive breakdown of body fat to compensate. "Ketones" are the toxic by-product produced during this rapid breakdown of fat, and it is possible to test for their presence in the
Immune mediated hemolytic anemia
The dog's immune system mistakenly produces antibodies that attack its own red blood cells. This is the most common cause of anemia in dogs. With secondary IMHA, the surface of your dog's red blood cells is modified by an underlying disease process, drug,
Lymphosarcoma
The third most common cancer diagnosed in dogs. It is a cancer of lymphocytes (a type of blood cell) and lymphoid tissues. Lymphoid tissue is normally present in many places in the body including lymph nodes, spleen, liver, gastrointestinal tract and bone
Infectious tracheobronchitis
Kennel cough is a complex of infections�both viral and bacterial�that causes inflammation of a dog's voice box and windpipe. It's a form of bronchitis and is similar to a chest cold in humans. Though it usually clears up on its own, kennel cough is highly
Upper respiratory infection
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR) is an infectious disease caused by feline herpesvirus type-1. As with other herpes viruses, the virus is very species specific, and is only known to cause infections in domestic and wild cats. The virus can infect cats o
Pasteurella
a bacterial infection commonly affecting animals and sometimes transferred to humans through bites and scratches. Seen in rabbits, pasterella haemolytica
Asthma
A condition in which a animals airways become inflamed, narrow and swell, and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe. Also considered spontaneous bronchoconstriction Commonly seen in cats.
Strangles
a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract of horses, causing enlargement of the lymph nodes in the throat, which may impair breathing. Transmitted by aerosol inhalants. Streptococcus equi
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
The most prevalent feline cardiac disease. It is a primary disorder of the heart muscle characterized by thickening of the left ventricle. Some cats with HCM will also have an obstruction to blood flow that is associated with the thickened muscle wall tha
Dilated cardiomyopathy
A condition in which the heart's ability to pump blood is decreased because the heart's main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, is enlarged and weakened. In some cases, it prevents the heart from relaxing and filling with blood as it should.
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Taurine d
Acquired valvular disease
Characterized by damage to or a defect in one of the four heart valves: the mitral, aortic, tricuspid or pulmonary. The mitral and tricuspid valves control the flow of blood between the atria and the ventricles (the upper and lower chambers of the heart).
Canine Influenza
Dog flu, is a highly contagious respiratory infection of dogs that is caused by an influenza A virus. In the U.S., canine influenza has been caused by two influenza strains. The first strain reported in the United States, beginning in 2004, was an H3N8 in
Heartworm
Dirofilaria immitis, the heartworm or dog heartworm, is a parasitic roundworm that is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. The heartworm is a type of filarial worm, a small thread-like worm, that causes filariasis. The definitive host