Chapter 4

organic chemistry

compunds that contain carbon

molecules associated with life

C,H,O,N,S,P

Vitalism

belief in a life force outside of normal chemical and physical laws

mechanism

all natural phenomena are ruled by chemical and physical laws

cabon is

versatile

tetravalent

capablealert payable of forming 4 chemical bonds

tetrahedron

atetrahedrons four sided figure in space

hydrocarbons

organic molecules consisting of C and H

isomers

variations in the architecture of organic molecules

structural isomers

isomers that differ in covalent arrangements of atoms

geometric isomers

mokecules in which the atoms have the same covalent partners, but differ in spatial arrangement

enantiomers( stereoisomers )

molecules that are mirror images of each other

functional groups

groups of atoms that are part of larger molecules and are commonly involved in chemical reactions

hydroxyl group

-O--H found in sugars and alcohols

carbonyl group

-C=O found in aldehydes or ketones