Definition of molar volume
Volume occupied by one mole of a gas at standard temperature and pressure
Definition of molar mass
A term used to refer to the mass of a mole of any substance
Definition of atomic mass
The weighted average of the masses of the isotopes in a chemical reaction
Definition of representative particle
The smallest unit into which a substance can be broken down without a change in the composition, usually Atoms, molecules, or ions
Definition of mole
The amount of a substance that contains 6.02�10 to the 23rd representative particles of that substance
Definition of avocados number
The number of representative particles contained in one mole of a substance
Definition of percent composition
The percent by mass of each element in a compound
Definition of STP
The conditions under which the volume of a gas is usually measured, standard temperature is 0�C and standard pressure is 101.3 KPA, or one atmosphere
Definition of empirical formula
A formula with the lowest whole number ratio of elements in a compound
Definition of actual yield
The amount of products that forms when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory
Definition of percent yield
The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction
Definition of theoretical yield
The amount of product that could form during a reaction calculated from a balanced chemical equation for; it represents the maximum amount of product that could be formed from a given amount of reactant
Definition of excess reagent
A reagent present in a quantity that's more than sufficient to react with a limiting reagent; any react to that remains after the limiting reagent is used up is a chemical reaction
Definition of limiting reagent
Any reacted that's used up first in a chemical reaction; it determines the amount of product that can be formed in the reaction
Definition of mass
A measure of the amount of matter that an object contains; the SI base unit of mass is the kilogram
Definition of Number of moles
The mass of a substance containing the same number of fundamental units
Definition of volume
A measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter
Definition of kinetic theory
A theory explaining the states of matter, based on the concept that all matter consist of tiny particles that are in constant motion
Definition of atmospheric pressure
The pressure exerted by Adams and molecules in the atmosphere surroundings. Earth resulting from collisions of these particles with objects
Definition of vapor pressure
A measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid in a sealed container; a dynamic equilibrium exist between the vapor and the liquid
Definition of barometer
An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
Definition of Kinetic Energy
The energy and object has because of its motion
Definition of salvation
The process of attraction and association of molecules or ions of a solute
Definition of weak electrolyte
A solution that conducts electricity poorly because only a fraction of the solute exist as ions
Definition of aqueous solution
Water that contains dissolved substances
Definition of solvent
The dissolving medium in a solution
Definition of electrolyte
A compound that conducts an electric current when it's in a aqueous solution or in the molten state; all ionic compounds are electrolytes, but most covalent compounds are not
Definition of colloid
Hey make sure who's particles are intermediate in size between those of a suspension and isolation
Definition of surfactant
Any substance that interferes with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and thereby reduce his tension; soaps are an example
What are the characteristics of an ionic compound?
Ionic compounds are formed from strong electrostatic interactions between ions, which results in higher melting points and electrical current ductility compared to covalent compounds
How many electrons can occupy a single orbital?
Two electrons
What is the shape of the methane molecule?
Terrahedral
What causes water molecules to have a bench seat?
Its caused by the VSEPR theory. The valance shell, electron pair repulsion theory; because electron pairs repulsion molecules adjust their shape so that valence electron pairs are as far apart as possible
How many valence electrons does an iodine Atom have?
Eight valence electrons
List the seven diatomic elements
Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, flooring, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
What's the SI unit equal to Avogadro's number of particles?
6.022�10 to the 23rd
What's the molar mass of AuCl3
303.4g
How many malls are in 36.0g Be?
4 moles
What's the percent composition of carbon, and heptane?
83.9% carbon
Define catalyst
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent chemical change
Define stoichiometry
The relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers
State the law of conservation of mass
It states that mass is isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations
List the parts of the kinetic theory
1. All matter is made up of atoms and molecules
2. These tiny particles are always in motion; the higher the temperature in the faster they move
3. At the same temperature, I have your particles move more slowly than small particles
What instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Barometer
What is standard temperature? What is standard pressure?
Temperature - 273.1 5K
Pressure - 100 KPA
What happens to molecules at absolute zero? What Kelvin temperature is absolute zero?
Molecules have minimal vibrational motion. Zero on the Kelvin scale is absolute zero
What happens to the temperature of a liquid as it evaporates?
The temperature rises
Water could be made to boil at 105�C instead of 100�C by doing what to pressure?
By increasing pressure
If the volume of the container is reduced, what will happen to the pressure?
The pressure decreases
Is a sealed the syringe is cooled, and which direction will the plunger move?
It will move inward
Why does water have a low vapor pressure and high surface tension?
Hydrogen bonding causes the inward force that minimizes the surface area of water, in the tendency of water molecules escaping this bond to become is slim and or slow, thus creating it's low pressure
Which atom in a water molecule has the greatest electronegativity?
Oxygen
Are ionic or covalent substances more someone water?
Ionic compounds
List several colloids
Foam, emotions, gels, and aerosols
What is the bond angle in a water molecule?
104.5�