breasts
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breasts: nipple
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breasts: areola
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breasts: tubercles of montgomery
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external genitalia (vulva)
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external genitalia (vulva): mons pubis
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external genitalia (vulva): labia majora
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external genitalia (vulva): clitoris
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external genitalia (vulva): urethral meatus
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external genitalia (vulva): vaginal vestibule
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external genitalia (vulva): perineal body
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pelvic floor
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pelvic floor: pelvic diaphragm
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repro organs
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repro organs: vagina: function
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repro organs: vagina: vaginal vault
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repro organs: vagina: rugae
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repro organs: vagina: pH
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repro organs: uterus
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repro organs: uterus: corpus
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repro organs: uterus: corpus: layers
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repro organs: uterus: corpus: layers: muscular
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repro organs: uterus: corpus: layers: mucosal
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repro organs: uterus: corpus: layers: serosal
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repro organs: uterus: cervix
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repro organs: uterus: cervix: function
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repro organs: uterus: cervix: internal os
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repro organs: uterus: cervix: external os
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repro organs: uterus: weight
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repro organs: uterus: length
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repro organs: uterus: uterine ligaments
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repro organs: uterus: uterine ligaments: names
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repro organs: fallopian tubes
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repro organs: fallopian tubes: sections
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repro organs: fallopian tubes: sections: ampulla
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repro organs: fallopian tubes: sections: isthmus
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repro organs: fallopian tubes: sections: fimbria
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repro organs: fallopian tubes: functions
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repro organs: ovaries: size
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repro organs: ovaries: # oocytes @ birth per ovary
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repro organs: ovaries: # oocytes that reach maturity and are ovulated
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repro organs: ovaries: hormones
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repro organs: ovaries: hormones: estrogen
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repro organs: ovaries: hormones: progesterone
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female repro cycle: involved systems
-central nervous system
-endocrine system
female repro cycle: involved systems: CNS
signals endocrine system
female repro cycle: involved systems: endocrine: organs
-hypothalmus (the "controller")
-anterior pituitary
-ovaries
female repro cycle: involved systems: endocrine
its "controller" hormones after receives signal from CNS
female repro cycle: lasts
~ 28 days
female repro cycle: hypothalmus: hormone
gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
female repro cycle: anterior pituitary: hormones
aka "gonadotropic hormones"
-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
-luteinizing hormone (LSH)
female repro cycle: anterior pituitary: hormones: FSH
primarily responsible for maturation of ovarian follicle
female repro cycle: anterior pituitary: hormones: LH
-necessary for final maturation of follicle
-level peak proceeds ovulation by as much as 12 hrs
female repro cycle: anterior pituitary: hormones: LH: level peak @
-up to 12 hrs b4 ovulation
-aka "LH surge
female repro cycle: ovaries: hormones
-estrogen
-progesterone
uterine cycle
menstrual cycle
uterine cycle: occurs @
failure of ovum fertilization
uterine cycle: discharge comprised of
-blood
-cervical & vaginal secretions
-bacteria
-mucus
-leukocytes, and other cellular debris
uterine cycle: frequency
-every 28 days
-varies from 21-35 days
-long or irregular cycles make dating pregnancies difficult
uterine cycle: duration
2-8 days
uterine cycle: avg blood loss
25-60 mL
uterine cycle: avg iron loss
0.5-1 mg/day
uterine cycle: phases
1. menstrual
2. proliferative
3. secretory
4. ischemic
uterine cycle: phases: menstrual
menstruation occurs
uterine cycle: phases: menstrual: days
days 1 to 6
uterine cycle: phases: menstrual: endometrium
-resting state
-thin @ 1-2 mm thick
uterine cycle: phases: menstrual: estrogen
lowest, base level
uterine cycle: phases: menstrual: cervical mucus
-scanty
-viscous
-opaque
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative
uterus is getting ready for egg release/implant
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: days
days 7 to 14
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: endometrial glands
enlarge
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: blood vessels
dilate
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: estrogen
rises (dominant hormone)
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: cervical mucus
favorable to sperm
-thin
-clear
-watery
-alkaline
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: endometrium
thickens 6-8 fold
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: basal temp drop @
ovulation
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: basal temp rise @
progesterone (secretory)
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: spinnbarkheit
thin stretchy cervical mucus (to transport sperm)
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: pattern
ferning
uterine cycle: phases: proliferative: ~ day 14
ovulation
uterine cycle: phases: secretory
...
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: progesterone
dominant hormone
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: days
days 15 to 26
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: follows
ovulation
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: estrogen
levels fall
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: endometrial cells
grow
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: cellular debris
accumulates
uterine cycle: phases: secretory: uterine vascularity
increases
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic
only happens if you don't get pregnant
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: occurs @
failure of ovum fertilization
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: days
days 27 to 28
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: corpus luteum
degenerates
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: estrogen
levels drop
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: progesterone
levels drop
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: small blood vessels
rupture
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: spiral arteries
contract
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: endometrium
becomes pale b/c blood deficient
uterine cycle: phases: ischemic: outcome
menstruation
ovarian cycle
maturing oocyte to be a released ovum
ovarian cycle: phases
-follicular
-luteal
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular
maturing follicles by means of FSH
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular: days
days 1 to 14
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular: ~ day 14
ovulation
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular: maturation
...
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular: mittelshcmerz
pain @ ovulation
ovarian cycle: phases: follicular: 24-48 hrs s/p ovulation
temp rise r/t progesteron
ovarian cycle: phases: luteal
...
ovarian cycle: phases: luteal: days
days 15 to 28
ovarian cycle: phases: luteal: begins @
exit of ovum from follicle
ovarian cycle: phases: luteal: fertilized ovum
-implants in endometrium
-secretes human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
-corpus luteum causes progesterone rise
ovarian cycle: phases: luteal: unfertilized ovum
-degenerates
-stops producing estrogen and progesterone