cloacal exstrophy
complex malformation involving lower limb anomalies, spinal defect, anal atresia, and lower abdominal wall defect (exstrophy of the bladder and protrusion of the intestines)
epispadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the top side of the penis
horseshoe kidney
forms when the inferior poles of the kidney fuse while they are in the pelvis
hydroureters
dilated ureters
hypospadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
pelvic kidney
occurs when the kidney does not migrate upward into the retroperitoneal space
posterior urethral valve
anatomic structure that occurs only in male fetuses
Potter's syndrome
characterized by a group of findings associated with oligohydramnios and renal failure or bilateral renal agenesis
renal agenesis
renal system fails to develop
urachal cyst
small part of the lumen of the allantois that persists while the urachus forms
ureterocele
congenital outpouching of the distal ureter into the bladder
cryptorchidism
failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum
fetal hydronephrosis
dilated renal pelvis in the fetus
fetal ovarian cyst
ovarian mass that results from maternal hormone stimulation
hermaphroditism
condition in which both ovarian and testicular tissues are present
hydrometrocolpos
collection of fluid in the vagina and uterus
infantile polycystic kidney disease
autosomal recessive disease that affects the fetal kidneys and liver
megacystis
level of the urethra where the urinary tract may become obstructed
megaureter
dilatation of the lower end of the ureter
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
multiple cysts replace normal renal tissue throughout the kidney
Potter's sequence
term used to describe renal diseases other than renal agenesis that result in renal failure and facial or structure abnormalities caused by oligohydramnios
prune belly syndrome
dilatation of the fetal abdomen secondary to severe hydronephrosis and fetal ascites
pyelectasis
dilated renal pelvis without involvement of the calyces
ureteropelvic junction
junction of the ureter entering the renal pelvis; most common site of obstruction
ureterovesical junction
junction where the ureter enters the bladder
urethral atresia
condition that causes a massively distended bladder