Genetics
the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms
Allele
a variant form of a gene
Dominant
a trait that will appear in the offspring if one parent contributes it
Recessive
a trait that is never expressed
Homozygous
When an individual has two of the same allele, they are _____________.
Heterozygous
a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive
Genotype
an individual's collection of genes
Phenotype
an individual's observable traits like height, eye color, etc.
Law of Segregation
states that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent
Hybrid
the result of interbreeding between two animals or plants of different taxa
Law of independent assortment
states that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together