Gross Anatomy
The study of body structures visible to the human eyes
Anatomical Position
The human body is erect, with the feet only slightly, head and toes pointed forward, and arms hanging at the sides with pals facing forward
Axial (region)
relating to the head, neck and trunk, the axis of the body
Appendicular (region)
Relating to limbs and their attachments to the axis
Abdominal region
Anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs
Acromial (landmark)
Point of the shoulder
Antebrachial (landmark)
Forearm
Antecubital (landmark)
Anterior surface of the elbow
Axillary (landmark)
Armpit
Brachial (landmark)
Arm
Buccal (landmark)
Cheek
Carpal (landmark)
wrist
Cephalic (landmark)
Head (all of A)
Cervical (landmark)
neck region
Coxal (landmark)
Hip
Crural (landmark)
Leg
Digital (landmark)
Fingers or toes
Femoral (landmark)
Thigh
Fibular (landmark)
Side of the leg
Frontal (landmark)
Forehead
Hallux (landmark)
Great toe
Inguinal (landmark)
Groin Area
Mammary (landmark)
Breast region
Manus (landmark)
Hand
Mental (landmark)
Chin
Nasal (landmark)
Nose
Oral (landmark)
Mouth
Orbital (landmark)
Boney eye socket (orbit)
Palmar (landmark)
Palm of the hand
Patellar (landmark)
Anterior knee (kneecap) region
Pedal (landmark)
Foot
Pelvic (landmark)
Pelvis region
Pollex (landmark)
thumb
Pubic (landmark)
Genital region
Sternal (landmark)
Region of the breastbone
Tarsal (landmark)
Ankle
Thoracic (landmark)
Chest
Umbilical (landmark)
Navel
Otic (landmark)
Ear (#3)
Occipital (landmark)
Scapular (landmark)
Scapula or shoulder blade area
Vertebral (landmark)
area of the spinal column
Lumbar (landmark)
Area of the back between the ribs and the hips
Sacral (landmark)
Region between the hips (overlying the sacrum)
Gluteal (landmark)
buttocks
Perineal (landmark)
Between anus and external gentalia
Body Planes and Sections:
...
Sagittal Plane
Also called median or midsaggital plane
Frontal Plane
Also called coronal plane
Transverse Plane
Cross sections
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Back
Medial
Toward the midline
Lateral
Away from the midline
Cephalad
Toward the head
Caudal
Toward the tail
Dorsal
Backside
Ventral
Bellyside
Proximal
Nearer the trunk or attached end
Distal
Farther from the trunk or point of attachment
Superficial
external- toward or at the body surface
deep
internal- away from the body surface
The wrist is _____ to the hand
Proximal
The trachea (windpipe) is ______ to the spine
Anterior
The brain is ________ to the spinal cord
Superior
The kidneys are ________ to the liver
inferior
The nose is ________ to the cheekbones
Medial
The thumb is _______ to the ring finger
lateral
The thorax is ________ to the abdomen
superior
The skin is _________ to the skeleton
Superficial