Biologic psychiatry
Mental disorders are due to anatomic, developmental, and functional disorders of the brain (NATURE)
Psychosocial psychiatry
Mental disorders are due to impaired psychological development, a consequence of poor child rearing or environmental stress (NURTURE)
Steps of Neurotransmission
Step 1: (Synthesis) of a transmitter substance
Step 2: (Storage and release) of the transmitter
Step 3: (Binding) of the transmitter to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane
Step 4: (Removal) of the transmitter from the synaptic cleft
Functions of the Frontal Lobe
--> I make frontal decisions
- Abstract versus concrete reasoning
- Motivation/volition
- Concentration
- Decision making
- Purposeful behavior
- Memory, sequencing, making meaning of language
- Speech organization and production
- Aspects of emotional response
COMPLEX THOUGHT
Functions of the Temporal Lobe
--> My Tempor (temper) is in check
Visual-spatial recognition
Attention
Motivation
Emotional modulation and interpretation
Impulse and aggression control
Interpretation and meaning of social contact
Aspects of sexual action and meaning
(RECOGNIZING VISUALLY AND EMOTIONALLY)
Functions of the Parietal Lobe
My parents (parietals) are always aware of my personality
Sensory integration and spatial relations
Bodily awareness
Filtration of background stimuli
Personality factors and symptom denial
Memory and nonverbal memory
Concept formation
(AWARENESS)
p.s. OCCIPITAL IS STILL JUST VISUAL (MAYBE INFO STORING)
Neuromediators
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Norepinephrine and epinephrine
Serotonin
?-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, aspartate, and glycine
(Allie Does Not Still Yawn? (gloat, aspirate, or glycin(glisten))
schizophrenia
A chronic debilitating psychotic disorder that involves the disconnection between thought and language
Types of Delusions
persecution
influence
ill health
grandeur
poverty
possession
Depression
a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
Mania
characterized by extremely elevated mood, energy, and unusual thought patterns
Affective disorders
Affect approximately 21% of the population
Women 2X over men
20% to 40% of adolescents with depression develop bipolar disorder within 5 years
Addiction statistics
14.6% of the U.S. adult population have substance abuse disorders.
Addictions account for an estimated 8.5% of these numbers.
Dementia
Impairment of short- and long-term memory, associated with abstract thinking, impaired judgment, other higher cortical functions or personality change
Caused by any disorder that permanently damages large association areas serving memory and learning
Types of dementia
Vascular dementia
Frontotemporal dementia
Huntington disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Alzheimer disease
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Alzheimer stages
Inital change is subtle (forget minor/major details) Moderate stage is disorientation
End stage is bedridden --> cannot respond to environment