What is the definition of wakefulness?
Being aware of the environment, receiving and responding to stimuli, recalling and integrating experiences into memory, and purposeful body movements.
Sleep is characterized by __________ and ___________
NREM (slow-wave) and REM (paradoxical)
Sleep-wake cycle consists of a ____________ pattern of wakefulness and sleep
Synchronous
What are some sleep disorders?
Insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep-related movement disorders, sleep apnea, and parasomnias
What are sleep problems due to alterations in circadian rhythms related to?
Intrinsic factors and acute shifts in sleep-wake cycle.
Insomnia
Insufficient or nonrestorative sleep
What is involved in narcolepsy?
Daytime sleep attacks, cataplexy, hallucinations at onset of sleep, and sleep paralysis.
PLMD
Repetitive movements of big toe with flexion of ankle, knee, and hip.
RLS stands for
Restless Leg Syndrome
PLMD stands for
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
RLS
Irresistible urge to move the legs.
What is felt in RLS?
Creeping, crawling, or uncomfortable sensations.
Parasomnias
Undesirable physical phenomena occurring during sleep
Parasomnias include
Nightmares, sleep walking, and sleep terrors