Cells has to have these five things
1. Have Cellular Organization2. Metobolism3. Reproduce4. demonstrate heredity 5. Homeostatic
Main assumption of Science
The universe is orderly and unifrom
Steps of Scientific Method
1. Observation2. Hypothesis3. Prediction4. Testing: observations, expirements 5.Results6. Conclusion
Atom
smallest particle of matterbuilding blocks of cells
Molecule
grouping of atoms
Cell
unit of living matter defined by a membrane; basic unit of life
Tissue
group of similiar working cells working together
Organ
single structures made up of different cells working together
Organ System
groups of organs working together
Organism
one indvidual of a population; a collection of organ systems
Population
all individuals of one species living together and interbreeding
Community
all organisms living in a particular area
Ecosystem
all living (biotic) organisms in a particular area and all the nonliving (abiotic) components
Biosphere
everything that is alive on the planet
Charles Darwin
@ age 22 signed on as a naturalist on the HMS BeagleOrigin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859)challenge common thinking during his time
Evolution
change in populations over timedescent of organisms from common ancestors with development of changes to make them more suitable to their environment
Natural Selection
mechanism of evolution caused by environmental selection of organisms most fit to reproduce
Chemistry
simplest level of life's structural organization
Matter
anything that has mass (weight), and takes up space (volume)
Atom
smallest particle of an element
Element
pure substance, cant be broken down,
Compound
molecules made of 2 or more different elements
Molecules
cluster of atoms bonded from different atoms, smallest part of a compound Ex. O2
Protons
positive charge
Neutrons
neutral charge
Electrons
negative charge
Electron Shells
probable location of where electrons orbits and how many
Atomic Number
number of protons in nucleus
Rule of Eights
tendency of atoms to react in ways that produce 8 electrons in its valence shell
Covalent Bond
sharing of electrons between two atoms involved
Most common elements of life
H, O, C, N, P, S
Molecular Formula
gives elements and number of atoms
Molecular Weight
sum of atomic weights of a molecule
Isotopes
atoms have same atomic number, differ in number of neutrons
Ions
particle that carries a positive or negative charge due to unequal numbers of protons and e-
Chemical Bond
force that attracts one atom to another (means by which atoms form stable outer shells)
Ionic Bond
transfer of electrons causes
Single Covalent Bond
1 pair of e- shared
Double Covalent Bond
2 pair of e- shared
Carbon
C 6
Hydrogen
H 1
Oxygen
O 8
Nitrogen
N 7
Sulfur
S 16
Phosphorus
P 15
Iron
Fe 26
Calcium
Ca 20
Potassium
K 19
Chlorine
Cl 17
Sodium
Na 11
Noble Gasses
Helium, Argon, Xeon, Neon, Krypton, Radon, Ununoctium
Building blocks of for molecules
Carbon
Atomic Mass
total number of protons and neutron; total weight of the atom