sidereal day
one rotation of earth on its axis
sidereal month
one moon orbit around earth
synodic month
one full cycle of moon phases
right ascension of sun on winter solstice
18 hours
constellation
a region of the celestial sphere
meridian
a half-circle extending from your horizon due north, through your zenith, to your horizon due south
TaoTona Mine
deepest mine in the world
kola borehole
deepest well in the world
p waves
penetrate both solid and liquid rock
s waves
do not penetrate the liquid core
composition of earth's central core
nickel and iron
composition of the mantle
silicates (rock that contain silicone and oxygen)
composition of crust
dense basalt rock (oceans) and lighter granite (continents)
lithosophere
upper crust and mantle
athenosphere
plastic upper mantle
seafloor spreading
The mid?ocean ridges mark areas where hot
mantle material rises upward, spreads
sideways, and pushes the oceanic plates
apart.
result of continent collisions
mountain ranges
� Which of the following most likely explains why Venus does
not have a strong magnetic field?
it rotates too slowly
the earth's atmosphere is made mostly of
nitrogen
How did jovian planets accumulate their atmospheres?
Their rocky and icy cores grew quickly enough that
they were able to gravitationally attract gas from
the protoplanetary disk.
how did terrestrial planets obtain atmospheres?
gasses released in volcanic eruptions, directly from cometes
where did oceans come from?
Volcanic activity releases substantial amounts of water and
gas (mostly carbon dioxide) from the Earth's interior.
maria
smooth, dark lava
flows that cover 17% of the Moon
terrae
brighter highlands covered in craters
largest confirmed impact crater on earth
vredefort in south africa
The Venera spacecraft studied the rocks at the
landing site and found that they are primarily
basalt