Chapter 27: Fluids, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Balance

fluid balance, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance

What are the three types of hemostasis?

ECF & ICF

The ___ & ____ make up the fluid compartments, which also contain cations and anions

intracellular fluid (ICF)

contains nearly two-thirds of the total body water

extracellular fluid (ECF)

contains the rest of body water

fluid compartments

Exchange occurs between the ICF and the ECF, but the two ____ retain their distinctive characteristics

hydrostatic & osmotic

____ & ____ pressures regulate the movement of water and electrolytes to maintain fluid balance

metabolic generation

Water losses are normally balanced by gains through eating, drinking, and ______

fluid shift

Water movement between the ECF and ICF is called _____

sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and chloride

What is essential for maintaining homeostasis?

equivalent

an _____ is the amount of a positive ion or negative ion that supplies one mole of electrical charge, and 1 equivalent = 1000 milliequivalents

acid-base

in _____ balance, regulation of hydrogen ions in body fluids involves buffer systems and respiratory and renal compensatory mechanisms

strong, weak

acids and bases are either ____ or _____

acidosis, alkalosis

Variations outside this relatively narrow range produce symptoms of _____ or _______